The nephrologist is the kidney specialist. He works in the hospital and is responsible for the medical aspect, but not the surgery (it is the urologist who performs the surgeries on the kidneys or the urinary tract). For this, he performs numerous medical procedures. first he questions his patient, in particular to obtain information on any family or medical history:
* he performs a rigorous clinical examination
* he may perform or order examinations, such as an ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary tract, a CT scan, a renal biopsy
* he follows dialysis patients, takes care of the post-operative consequences of a kidney transplant
* he also prescribed drug treatments, and offered dietary advice

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Nephrology is a medical specialty concerned with the functioning of the kidneys as well as the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all kidney diseases (called nephropathies), which affect blood filtration, the kidneys’ primary function. Located at the bottom of the spine, the two kidneys, the body’s purification centers, filter the blood by eliminating waste and evacuate excess water and mineral salts (sodium, potassium, etc.) through the urine. The kidneys also produce hormones that are essential for the body. Their role is therefore vital.

When they no longer function effectively enough – we talk about renal failure – This complication may result in the need to supplement renal function by dialysis, treatment provided by nephrologists, or renal transplantation performed by urologists.

The diseases including diabetes and hypertension also affect the kidney adversely and it is a nephrologist who deals with avoiding and treating the kidney damage caused by these systemic or whole body diseases as well.
Nephrologists treat kidney disorders including:-
* fluid and electrolyte disturbances
* acid-base disorders
* kidney stones
* glomerular diseases
* tubulointerstitial disease
* mineral metabolism
* acute kidney disease
* acute renal failure
* chronic kidney disease
* chronic renal failure
* kidney disease and end stage dialysis

Nephrologists are well aware of medications and clinical pharmacology, management of hypertension, management of diabetes and its complications, epidemiology of diseases and infections as well as nutritional management for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.

A nephrologist is a physician who treats complex diseases that affect the kidneys such as nephritis, polycystic kidney disease and acute and chronic kidney failure.

On other hand; a urologist treats diseases and disorders of the male and female urinary tract such as bladder problems, urinary incontinence, urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones, blockage in kidney, prostate enlargement, interstitial cystitis, urological cancer.

You should consult a nephrologist for all pathologies affecting the kidneys:
* acute or chronic renal failure
(CRF)
* rena coic
* presence in the urine of blood (hematuria)
* hematuria (presence of blood in the urine)
* nephritic syndrome
* glomerulonephritis or repeated urinary tract infections.
Some people are at greater risk for kidney disease. Here are some factors known to increase risk:
* diabetes
* high blood pressure
* smoking
* obesity
Collaborating with other specialists as appropriate (resuscitators,
cardiologists, diabetologists, etc.), the nephrologist then takes charge of these diseases. Based on examinations to refine his diagnosis, he can prescribe medications, recommend an appropriate diet, and follow dialysis or transplant patients.
Pace Hospitals has excellent nephrology and dialysis (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) services, which combine medical competence and patient support, including dietetic support, which is essential in cases of Chronic renal failure (CRF).

The most common tests to diagnose or monitor kidney conditions are blood and urine tests. The kidneys filter excess fluid and waste from the blood, creating urine. This means that blood and urine tests can often reveal whether or not the kidneys are working properly. Urine tests can also check for abnormal levels of proteins linked to kidney damage in the urine.
* Blood tests including: Serum creatinine, Glomerular filtration rate, Blood urea nitrogen
* Urine tests including: Urinalysis, 24 hour urine test, Creatinine clearance, Microalbuminuria
* Medical procedures including: Ultrasound, CT scan, Kidney Biopsy, Hemodialysis
* Kidney Transplant