Dr. Samir Govil
Consultant Nephrologist and Renal Transplant Physician
Dr. Samir Govil
Consultant Nephrologist and Renal Transplant Physician
Consultant Nephrologist and Renal Transplant Physician
Consultant Nephrologist and Renal Transplant Physician
Sometimes kidneys are no longer able to filter and clean blood. This can cause unsafe levels of waste products to build up. This is known as kidney (or renal) failure. Unless it is treated, this can cause death.
Acute kidney failure can be life threatening and requires intensive treatment. Acute kidney failure happens when the kidney suddenly looses the ability to eliminate excess salts, fluids and waste materials from the blood. This elimination is said to be the core of any kidney’s main function.
The signs of Acute Kidney Injury can be:
* swelling of the hands, feet and face (edema)
* internal bleeding
* confusion
* seizures
* coma
* abnormal blood and urine tests
* high blood pressure
Renal Damage Due to high blood pressure, diabetes, infection, etc
If you persist to have hypertension or diabetes, you’re at a higher risk for kidney damage that reduces the organs’ ability to filter waste products from your blood.
High blood sugar levels and high blood pressure can damage blood vessels throughout the body, including the ones in the kidney. These blood vessels subsequently become less efficient at filtering blood and are unable to deliver oxygen and the required nutrients to the kidney tissue.
This reduced blood supply to the kidneys results in the further damage of their filtering system, and damaged kidneys can cause a buildup of waste and fluid that increases blood pressure even more.
Diabetes, high blood pressure, and Chronic Kidney Disease can often go undetected for years, silently causing damage throughout the body, so it’s important to know your risk and get it checked with an expert nephrologist. Getting proper treatment is the key, and managing one condition can help you better manage the others. If you have Chronic Kidney Disease, the best way to slow or prevent kidney damage is to reach your blood sugar and blood pressure goals.
Seeing blood in your urine can be alarming. While in many instances the cause is harmless, blood in urine (hematuria) can indicate a serious disorder.
Blood that you can see is called gross hematuria. Urinary blood that’s visible only under a microscope (microscopic hematuria) is found when your doctor tests your urine. Either way, it’s important to determine the reason for the bleeding.
Symptoms
Gross hematuria produces pink, red or cola-colored urine due to the presence of red blood cells. It takes little blood to produce red urine, and the bleeding usually isn’t painful. Passing blood clots in your urine, however, can be painful.
Bloody urine often occurs without other signs or symptoms.
Causes
In hematuria, your kidneys — or other parts of your urinary tract — allow blood cells to leak into urine. Various problems can cause this leakage, including:
– Urinary tract infections
– Kidney infections (pyelonephritis)
– A bladder or kidney stone
– Enlarged prostate
– Kidney disease
– Cancer
– Inherited disorders
– Kidney injury
– Medications
– Strenuous exercises
Risk factors
Almost anyone — including children and teens — can have red blood cells in the urine. Factors that make this more likely include:
– Age. Many men older than 50 have occasional hematuria due to an enlarged prostate gland.
– A recent infection. Kidney inflammation after a viral or bacterial infection (post-infectious glomerulonephritis) is one of the leading causes of visible urinary blood in children.
– Family history. You might be more prone to urinary bleeding if you have a family history of kidney disease or kidney stones.
* Certain medications. Aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers and antibiotics such as penicillin are known to increase the risk of urinary bleeding.
– Strenuous exercise. Long-distance runners are especially prone to exercise-induced urinary bleeding. In fact, the condition is sometimes called jogger’s hematuria. But anyone who works out strenuously can develop symptoms.
Proteinuria is high levels of protein in your urine. Causes may include relatively harmless conditions, including dehydration or intense exercise, or more serious, including kidney disease or immune disorders. Testing can confirm proteinuria, and a treatment plan can help you manage it.
Proteinuria is a high level of protein in your urine (pee). This condition can be a sign of kidney damage.
Proteins have many important functions, including:
– Building muscles and bones.
* Regulating the amount of fluid in your blood.
– Fighting off infection.
– Repairing damaged tissues.
Proteins should remain in your blood. If proteins enter your pee, they ultimately leave your body, which can harm your overall health.
Signs and Symptoms of Proteinuria
You may not have any symptoms in the early stages of proteinuria. In advanced stages of proteinuria, symptoms may include:
– Swelling (edema) in your face, belly, feet, or ankles.
– More frequent urination.
– Shortness of breath.
– Tiredness.
– Nausea and vomiting.
– Lack of appetite.
– Muscle cramping at night.
– Puffiness around your eyes, especially in the morning.
– Foamy or bubbly urine.
These symptoms are also symptoms of chronic kidney disease. If you have these symptoms — especially foamy pee and swelling — you should contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Causes of Proteinuria?
In many cases, relatively benign (noncancerous) or temporary medical conditions cause proteinuria. These conditions may include:
– Dehydration.
– Inflammation.
– Low blood pressure (hypotension)
– Kidney stones.
Intense exercise, stress, taking aspirin every day (aspirin therapy), and exposure to cold temperatures can also trigger proteinuria.
When a genetic disorder is diagnosed in a family, family members often want to know the likelihood that they or their children will develop the condition. Although the chances of inheriting a genetic condition appear straightforward, factors such as a person’s family history and the results of genetic testing can sometimes modify those chances.
In addition, some people with a disease-causing variant never develop any health problems or may experience only mild symptoms of the disorder. If a disease that runs in a family does not have a clear-cut inheritance pattern, predicting the likelihood that a person will develop the condition can be particularly difficult.
Hereditary kidney disorders represent a significant risk for the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Most of them are recognized in childhood, or prenatally, particularly those phenotypically expressed as anomalies on ultrasound examination during pregnancy. Furthermore, many urinary tract malformations are associated with renal dysplasia which leads to renal failure.
Renovascular disease (RVD) is the narrowing of the artery to one or both kidneys. RVD can cause high blood pressure and reduced kidney function, in some patients causing acute (short-term) kidney injury (AKI) or chronic (long-term) kidney disease (CKD). Both can require dialysis. RVD is often overlooked as a cause of high blood pressure.
You are at greater risk of developing RVD if you smoke or are overwight. RVD is most common in 50-70 year old men, but it can also occur in women and younger adults. High cholesterol , diabetes and a family history of heart disease are also risk factors. High blood pressure (hypertension) is both a cause and a result of RVD.
Causes
In the majority of cases, RVD is caused by atherosclerosis (hardening and narrowing), of the kidney arteries.
A material called plaque builds up on the inner wall of one or both of the renal arteries making the wall hard and narrow. This reduces the blood supply, damaging the kidney.
How do you know you have RVD?
RVD can be ‘silent’. The first sign may be high blood pressure that stays high even when you take tablets, although this alone is insufficient to give a diagnosis of RVD. When starting treatment for high blood pressure, doctors often measure kidney function before and after starting tablets. If kidney function worsens after taking tablets, this can be a sign of RVD and tablets should be stopped until this is investigated.
A-1 Sai Vatika Aptt 7/202-B, Swaroop Nagar, Kanpur
+91-9839923723
Timings: 1:00 PM to 3:00 PM
Monday to Saturday
A-1 Sai Vatika Aptt 7/202-B, Swaroop Nagar, Kanpur
+91-9839923723
Timings: 1:00 PM to 3:00 PM
Monday to Saturday